Outdoor optical cable, simply said is outdoor use optical cable, is a kind of optical cable. Because it is best for outdoor use, it is called outdoor cable. Durable, withstand the wind and sun, cold and frozen, packing thick. It has a number of mechanical and environmental characteristics such as pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and tensile strength.

What are the types of outdoor optical cables?

The commonly used outdoor optical cable is divided into center beam tube type and layer stranded optical cable two structures:

① Center tube optical cable: the center of the optical cable is the loose sleeve, and the strengthening part is located around the loose sleeve. For example, GYXTW cable, cable core number is less, generally less than 12 core.

GYXTW Cable:

Beam tube: The beam tube is made of PBT, hard but flexible, resistant to side pressure.

Colored fiber: In optical cable communication engineering, in order to distinguish each core fiber, the bare fiber is squeezed on a layer of colored plastic. Outdoor optical cables are dyed with different colors of ink for each core bare fiber. The ink is the same color as the indoor cable, and there are also 12 kinds. The industry standard chromatogram of the Ministry of Information Industry is as follows: blue, orange, green, brown, gray, (white), red, black, yellow, purple, pink, green. Natural colors are allowed to replace white as long as they do not affect recognition.

Fiber paste: The tube is filled with fiber paste to play a waterproof role. It also prevents the fiber core from sloshing internally, avoiding possible wear and tear. Moisture-proof, water-proof and oxidation resistant.

Corrugated steel tape: The beam tube is covered with a coated corrugated steel tape. The main role of steel tape in optical cable is to resist side pressure, tension, prevent rat bite, protect the beam tube.

Steel wire: We can see two parallel steel wires on the outside of the steel strip. The purpose of the wire is to increase the tension of the cable. Gray steel wire surface after phosphating treatment, prevent steel wire rust.

Optical cable sheath: Outdoor optical cable is generally made of medium density polyethylene (PE). There are also orders that jackets should be made of low-smoke halogen-free materials (LSZH). Many manufacturers also use recycled materials as fiber optic cable sheathing to reduce costs. With this material made of fiber optic cable, rough skin, impurities, easy to crack seepage. The source of recycled material is some wire and cable skin, plastic bottles, slippers, etc., crushed and returned to the furnace to re-granulate.

Since optical fibers only come in 12 colors, the national standard (and international standard) center beam cable can only have a maximum of 12 cores. There are also some non-standard center beam cable more than 12 core, but generally not more than 24 core. The method is to choose one of two optical fibers of the same color, and use an inkjet printer to spray a strip at a distance to distinguish. Cables with more than 12 cores are generally twisted in layers.

(2) Twisted cable GYTS, GYTA: multiple beam tubes with optical fibers are twisted on the core reinforcement. Such cables, such as GYTS and GYTA, can be obtained by combining loose tube cables with cables with a larger number of cores. Color separation of stranded loose bushing usually adopts red and green colors to distinguish between different loose bushing and different optical fibers.

GYTS type optical cable: In the red layer cable, this type and GYTA type is the most common. Several strands of beam tube are stranded on a thick phosphating steel wire. The gap after stranded is filled with water-blocking cable paste. A circle of plastic steel tape is wrapped around the outside, and then the sheath is extruded.

Gyta-type cable: This cable has the same structure as the GYTS, except that the steel tape is replaced with aluminum tape. The side pressure resistance index of aluminum strip is not as high as that of steel strip, but the rust and moisture-proof performance of aluminum strip is better than that of steel strip. In some cases where pipes wear out, the GYTA type cable will last longer.

GYFTY cable: This type of cable is in a non-metallic reinforced core on a number of skew pipe, skew gap with cable paste fill or leave a ring of stop belt, jacket directly pressed, not armored.

This model has evolved a lot. It is used in some overhead environments. In order to increase the tension of the cable, some aramid fiber should be added to the stranded cable core, and then squeeze the sheath. If the center reinforcement is made of steel wire instead of non-metallic reinforced core (FRP), the type is GYTY without F (for non-metallic).

GYFB Fiber cable: This fiber cable consists of one or more 2.0 arginon (or equivalent) tight-jacketed fibers with a high modulus arylon and polyurethane (or equivalent) sheath. It is a metal-free optical cable designed for rapid wiring or repeated retracting and retracting in field operations and complex environments. Light weight, high tension, high pressure; Good flexibility; Easy to bend; To burn; Wide temperature range and other features. It is suitable for fast wiring or repeated retracting of field communication system. Radar, aviation and ship wiring; Oil fields, mines, ports, live TV, communication line repair and other bad conditions.

Fiberglass reinforced core: This material is generally made of glass fiber, the same outside diameter of the strength is greater than the tension of steel wire. Its characteristics are not conductive, minefield environment overhead use is safer. When we trained on fiber optics, we knew that fiber optics are made of high purity glass and are not afraid of lightning strikes. But when the cable is overhead, the metal part in the middle of the cable is easily destroyed by direct lightning. When you see the model with F, you know it's mainly lightning protection. The cost of strengthening with FRP is slightly higher than that of steel wire.

Type 53 cable: We have seen some models, such as GYTA53, GYTY53, this is the GYTA, GYTY cable with a layer of steel armor and sheathing. It is suitable for those situations where the environment is harsh. 53 is an extra layer of armor, an extra layer of sheath.